57.麝香:Anya H. King, Scent from the Garden of Paradise: Musk and the Medieval Islamic World (2017); James Cave, “You Don’t Even Want to Know Where Musk Comes From.” HuffPost, February 24, 2016.
58.人们可能认为契丹人已经皈依了伊斯兰教:Andreas Kaplony, “The Conversion of the Turks of Central Asia to Islam as Seen by Arabic and Persian Geography: A Comparative Perspective.” étienne de la Vaissière, Islamisation de l’Asie Centrale: processus locaux d’acculturation du VIIe au XIe siècle (2008): 319-338; Michal Biran,The Empire of the Qara Khitai in Eurasian History: Between China and the Islamic World (2005): 196-201.